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But just how can you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How can you give someone the ability to upgrade the ledger without giving them too much powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves this in a Really creative manner I like to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In short, anyone who wants to participate in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do this. All you need is to guess a random number that solves an equation generated by the system. Sounds easy, right
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Obviously, this guessing is all done by your PC. The more powerful your computer is, the more guesses you can create in a second, increasing your chances of winning this match. If you manage to guess correctly, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining pc comes up with the ideal suspect, your mining program determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents the moment of glory, as youve now develop into a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to update the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with your solution, is sent to the entire network so other computers can affirm it. Its somewhat much like a Rubiks cube: The solution is quite tough to achieve but quite easy to validate.
3. Every computer that validates your solution updates its copy of the Bitcoin transaction ledger with the transactions that you opted to include in the block.
4. The system generates a fixed amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and benefits them as compensation for the time and energy you spent solving the math issue.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. Each of the transactions in the cube youve just entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and therefore are virtually irreversible.
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So thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining because of the simple fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the system. But if you think about it, the mining component is merely a by-product of this transaction confirmation procedure. Therefore that the name is a bit misleading, since the main that site goal of mining is to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a form of guessing, for each block, a different miner will guess the number and be granted the right to update the blockchain. Obviously, that the miners with more computing power will succeed more often, but due to the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed each time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you may be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a manner that the more mining power the network has, the harder it is to imagine the answer to the mining mathematics issue. So the difficulty of this mining method is actually self-adjusting to the gathered mining capability the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it will get harder to address the issue; when many of them drop off, it will get easier. This can be known as mining issue.
Now, rememberthis is on average. We can have two blocks being inserted minute after minute and then wait an hour to the next block. In the long run, this will even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this type of self-adjusting mechanism has created a type of arms race to get the most efficient and strong miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a great deal of miners on the market. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only individuals mining Bitcoin back at the time using their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was low. As Bitcoin started to catch on, folks looked for more potent mining solutions.